Gender (the concept of masculinity and femininity) is a social construct.

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Con: Gender is determined by biological factors.

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Pro: Gender categorization only exists through the societal attribution of specific behaviors as indicating a specific gender identity, as at the individual level the internal conception of one's identity does not need labels.

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Pro: Gender is a social construct because its perception is fluid, and changes among time and societies.

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Con: Most cultures divide labor between men and women, thus at least some aspects of gender are universally shared and not socially constructed.

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Pro: The hierarchical structure of gender is upheld in order to maintain social control.

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Con: According to three main monotheistic religions' scriptures, God created the man and the woman as different and complementary.